@Alex Papadimoulis said:
A cursory read of Date's INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE SYSTEMS discusses the surrogate key as a system-generated placeholder to be used in the place of large multi-value keys and keys with missing information. A further reading on the topic (Date, Elmasri/Navathe, etc) will place IDENTITY/GUID/AUTOID in the category of "artificial key." Surrogate Keys exist outside of the semantic model where as artificial keys are a part of it.
I tried reading and interpreting that several different ways, and none of them made much sense. Even by your own definitions (and I haven't read the original sources you're referencing), it sounds to me like surrogate keys are the same as artificial keys, so the last sentence just doesn't make sense. Could you make the distinction more clear?